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Joel Roosevelt writes from Los Angeles, California, in response to Merton's article "Apologies to an Unbeliever", published in «Harper's» magazine.

Sr. Rose Alma was Sister of Loretto from Nerinx, Kentucky.

Sr. Rose Thérèse was a Cloistered Maryknoll Sister from Maryknoll, New York.

Philip B. Rose was a mathematics instructor at Colorado Women's College (briefly going by the name Temple Buell College during this period). He is now Professor of Computer Science at Carroll College in Helena, Montana.

At the time of writing the letter, Eugene Rose had recently converted to Russian Orthodoxy. He would later become an Orthodox priest and monk, living in his native California.

Richard Rosenthal writes on behalf of «Writer's Digest» of Cincinnati, Ohio.

Eric B. Ross writes on behalf of the Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. He sent Merton the society's publication, «ERA».

Dom Oliver Rousseau was a Benedictine monk of the monastery of Chevetogne in Belgium. He and others from Chevetogne were deeply involved in the early stages of the liturgical reform movement. Though their quarterly review «Irénikon», Chevetogne also addressed ecumenical dialogue. Rousseau was interested in Merton's article, "The Pasternak Affair", but thought that another article by Merton might more closely fit the genre of Irénikon.

Dimitri Roussopoulos was editor-in-chief of «Our Generation against Nuclear War», described on the letterhead as: "A new quarterly journal devoted to the research, theory and review of the problems of world peace and directed toward presenting alternative solutions to human conflict, eliminating war as a way of life." Roussopoulos writes from Montreal, Canada.

Rosemary Radford Ruether was a theologian and feminist writer who was born in Minnesota. She received her doctorate in religion in 1965 at Howard University in Washington, D.C. She remained there on faculty until 1976. Later, she was on faculty of Garrett Evangelical Theological Seminary in Evanston, Illinois. (Source: «The Hidden Ground of Love», p. 497-498.)

Elsie M. Ryan was from Blenheim, New Zealand.

Archbishop Joseph T. Ryan began his tenure in the Archdiocese of Anchorage, Alaska, in 1966. He writes to Merton from Alaska. He later served as archbishop of the United States Military.

Servando Sacaluga was a professor writing from New York who introduced Merton to the poems of Mercedes Cortázar.

Serge St. Jean writes from Port-au-Prince, Haiti, to an unknown religious sister (Merton is mentioned in the letter).

Edward R. Sammis writes on behalf of Harper and Row, Publishers, New York.

Miguel de Sanmiguel was chief editor of Ediciones Guadarrama publishers in Madrid, Spain.

George L. Saunders, Jr. was co-director of the Law Enforcement Task Force of the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence in Washington, D.C.

Sr. Anne Saword was a Trappistine nun from Chimay, Belgium.

Br. Aloysius Scanlan was a Cistercian monk writing from Caldey Abbey in the south of Wales.

Fr. Mario Schierano writes to Merton from the Sacra Paenitentiaria Apostolica, Officium de Indulgentiis, in Italy. It seems to be granting Merton some sort of indulgence. Schierano was a priest of Turin, Italy, who in 1971 became the archbishop of Italy's military.

William G. Schlecht writes from the Washington Friends of Buddhism in Washington, D.C.

Bruno P. Schlesinger was a professor at St. Mary's College in Indiana. Born in Austria, Schlesinger was a Jewish convert to Catholicism who came to Indiana in the late 1930's and earned a doctorate from Notre Dame. He began at Saint Mary's in 1945. Schlesinger helped found the Christian Culture Program, based on concepts by historian Christopher Dawson, to study unifying principles in the liberal arts through the lens of Christian humanism and the development of Western culture through Christianity's historical roots. Saint Mary's is a women's college, and Merton writes that "women are perhaps capable of salvaging something of humanity in our world today. Certainly they have a better chance of grasping and understanding and preserving a sense of Christian culture" (Merton, Thomas. Letter to Bruno Schlesinger. December, 13, 1961.) An informational booklet for the program quoted Merton's comments. (Source: «The Hidden Ground of Love», p. 541.)

Mary Ann Schmidt was a typist for Merton living in Washington, D.C.

It is unclear from the correspondence, but it seems Emily Schossberger may have worked for the publishing firm of New Directions.

Webster Schott was Editorial Director of Hallmark Cards in Kansas City, Missouri.

James Schulte was a senior at Saint Louis University at the time of correspondence with Merton. He writes from St. Louis, Missouri.

Clarence W. Schultz worked at the News Publishing Company of Tell City, Indiana.

David H. Scott was Religious Book Editor of the Trade Book Department of McGraw-Hill Book Company. He writes from New York.

Sr. Helen Jean Seidel was the Mistress of Novices for the Sisters of Loretto at their motherhouse in Nerinx, Kentucky, at the time of writing.

Fr. Léon Seiller writes from France.

David R. Semon was a 27-year-old college sophomore at Borromeo Seminary in Wickliffe, Ohio.

Fr. Brocard Sewell (baptized Michael Sewell - Brocard being his religious name) was a Carmelite friar and editor of «The Aylesford Review» at his home at Aylesford Priory in Kent, England. Though born into an Anglican family, his father was involved in the Oxford Movement and Sewell became a Catholic while still a youth. Throughout his life, he maintained an interest in Anglican-Catholic dialogue. While a young man, he became involved with G. K. Chesterton's distributist movement and «G. K.'s Weekly». Similar to Merton and the Franciscans, Sewell was rejected from the Dominicans. Also like Merton, he attempted joining a contemplative order. His first attempt to enter the Carmelites failed in 1937. Though he was a pacifist, or essentially so, he served as a map specialist during the Second World War for the British. In 1952, he applied for entry with the Carmelites at Aylesford and was, this time, allowed to join. It is from Aylesford that Sewell writes Merton. Merton contributed to «The Aylesford Review». Sewell would later live in various other Carmelite monasteries. (Source: McGreal, Wilfred. "Obituary of Fr. Brocard Sewell, 0.Carm." Website of the British Province of Carmelites. Accessed 2006 April 24. ‹http://www.carmelite.org/obit/bs_obituary.html›.)

H. J. Shandrewsmith writes from Pittsburgh. He sends poems to Merton by Oscar Gibson, his brother-in-law.

Wilfred Sheed was Book Review Editor for «The Commonweal» and writes from New York. He was the son of Frank Sheed and Maisie Ward (Sheed and Ward publishers). He developed a style of prose influenced by his trans-Atlantic upbringing, born in London and spending much time in New York. After work at such Catholic publications as «The Commonweal» and «Jubilee», he became an essayist, novelist and short story writer. (Source: "Sheed, Wilfrid" Biography from Current Biography. 1981. Online. Biography Reference Bank. H.W. Wilson. Bellarmine University Library, Louisville, KY. 2006/04/25. ‹http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com›.)

Jane M. Sheets writes from Princeton, New Jersey and later from Haverford, Pennsylvania. She did a study of Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa and thanks Merton for his translations and commentary on Pessoa.

Maynard Shelly was editor of «The Mennonite», the weekly publication of the General Conference Mennonite Church. He published Merton's poem, "Chant to Be Used in Processions around a Site with Furnaces," in the November 21, 1961 issue of «The Mennonite». Maynard visited Merton at Gethsemani in August of 1962 and wrote an editorial in «The Mennonite» about his visit.

Fr. James Shine was from a monastery (Camaldolese?) at New Boston, New Hampshire.

Ludovico Silva was a poet, philosopher, essayist, literary critic, and professor at the Universidad Central in Caracas, Venezuela. He authored over thirty books and was one of the founders of the magazine «Papeles». In the 1970's and 1980's, his writing turned to ideas of alienation, socialism, and Marxism. It was Silva who asked Merton about a typical day at the hermitage which prompted Merton to write one of his most famous pieces, "Day of a Stranger". Merton also wrote a prologue for Silva's poem and book, «Boom!!!». (Source: «The Courage for Truth», p. 223.)

Elbert R. (Bert) Sisson writes from Bryans Road, Maryland. After retiring from active duty in the army in 1945, he worked for the federal government until 1972. He was a political activist and liberal democrat, once running for public office in 1974, but withdrawing when his wife took ill. He was opposed to the Vietnam War and wrote a book under the pen name Rory McCormick, entitled «Americans against Man» (New York and Cleveland: Corpus Books, 1970). (Source: Sisson, Maura A. Obituary of Elbert Sisson. Genealogical website. Accessed 3 May 2006. ‹http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~dasisson/richard/aqwg203.htm›.)

Edward Skillin was the long-time editor of the Catholic magazine, «The Commonweal», and wrote to Merton from New York. In 1967, he shifted from sole editor to publisher, a position he held until his retirement in 1998.

Charles Smith was Chairman of Chicago CORE and writes from Chicago, Illinois.

Fr. Philip M. Solem was assistant pastor at St. Anthony of Padua Catholic Parish in Duluth, Minnesota. He was 28 at this time.

Dom Gabriel Sortais was Abbot General of the Cistercians of the Strict Observance (Trappists) from 1951-1963.

Eloise Spaeth was a patroness of the arts from New York. She was major force in convincing the Smithsonian Institution to open its Archives of American Art and was a promoter of Guild Hall in East Hampton. (Source: "SPAETH, ELOISE O'MARA". New York Times [online]. 6 Sep. 1998. Accessed 22 May 2006. Bellarmine University Library. ‹http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9400E1DC133CF935A3575AC0A96E958260›.)

Robert Speaight was a British actor and biographer of Eric Gill and Hilaire Belloc.

Francis Cardinal Spellman was Archbishop of New York.

Stephen Spender was a British poet, critic and essayist. He was part of the "Oxford poets" movement. His circle included W. H. Auden, Isaiah Berlin, Louis MacNiece, Bernard Spencer, Christopher Isherwood, and C. Day Lewis. At the time of writing, he was editor of «Encounter» magazine. (Source: "Spender, Stephen" Obituary from Current Biography. 1995. Online. Biography Reference Bank. H.W. Wilson. Bellarmine University Library, Louisville, KY. 22 May 2006. ‹http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com›.)

John Stanley was a former novice at Gethsemani Abbey. He worked for a number of years with Dorothy Day and the Catholic Worker Movement. He was a friend of another ex-novice from Gethsemani and fellow Catholic Worker, Robert Steed.

Fr. Philip Stark was a Jesuit priest from St. Louis, Missouri.

Fr. Joseph Starmann writes from St. Peter Cathedral in Jefferson City, Missouri. He was a diocesan priest who, with some clergy and lay people of other Christian denominations, founded an ecumenical community based loosely on the Rule of St. Benedict at a former Franciscan friary in Wien, Missouri. The community's goal was to seek Christian unity through a life of communal prayer.

Walter Stein writes from Ilkley, England.

James Storrow was publisher of «The Nation» magazine and writes from New York.

Fr. Henri van Straelen, S.V.D. was a priest of the Society of the Divine Word and a professor of philosophy who spent much of his life as a missionary and scholar in Japan. He was a peritus to the Second Vatican Council.

Dieter Struß writes from Gütersloh, Germany, on behalf of the publisher Sigbert Mohn Verlag.

Aleksei Surkov was a poet from the U.S.S.R. and the General Secretary of the Soviet Writers' Union.

John M. Swomley was editor of «Current Issues», published by the peace and social justice group, The Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) of Nyack, New York.

Mother Sylvia Marie was Superior of the Little Sisters of the Poor of Louisville, Kentucky.

Note that Rev. Theodore Nelson (Ted) Tatman later in life legally changed his name to Theodore N. McGill.

Tomas Tebé was an editor from Editorial Selecta in Barcelona, Spain.

Fr. Teresius was a Carmelite priest from Mexico City, Mexico.

Thomas Thompson writes from Dußlingen (Dusslingen), West Germany. He spent half a year at Gethsemani Abbey while Merton was Novice Master, under the name Frater William. He re-entered lay life to study and teach theology and was getting a doctorate in Germany at the time of writing.

David Tillson writes from Brockport, New York.

Amedeo Tintori writes from Livorno, Italy, concerning Merton's article "Monastic Peace".

Paolo Toufenti writes from Rome, Italy.

Vincent Tovell writes on behalf of Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) from Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Ricardo Trigueros de León was Director General of Publications for the Ministry of Education in San Salvador, El Salvador.

Laurens van der Post was a writer born in South Africa. He writes about the conflicts of having been born into a Boer family, educated by the British who had recently defeated them, and hating the system of apartheid. His attacks on South African apartheid in a magazine he co-founded in his youth, «Voorslag», led to his exile. He spent some time in Japan and later joined the British army in 1939. He served in the Second World War. After the war, he was send on a mission by the British government's Colonial Development Corporation, which took him into the African interior. He began to write some travelogues and novels with influences of Jungian psychology. He saw racial tensions in light of the conflict between our interior battles between our primitive and civilized self, and racism as exteriorizing our interior hatred of the primitive self to what we perceive as primitive in other groups. Other themes of mysticism and interiority occur in his novels, prompting Merton's interest in them. (Source: "Van der Post, Laurens". World Authors 1950-1970. 1975. Wilson Biographies Plus. Online. H.W. Wilson. Bellarmine University Library, Louisville, KY. 18 July 2006. ‹http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com›.)

Charles Lincoln Van Doren was the son of famed poet Mark Van Doren, Mark having been one of Merton's professors at Columbia University. Charles became an scholar and professor at Columbia University, as well, but his legacy was later overshadowed by scandal. He was a long-term contestant on the game show Twenty-One. His winning streak was later revealed as a fraud.

Mark Van Doren won the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1940 for his 1939 volume of collected poems and was a literary critic and professor. He had a profound effect on Merton as a professor of English at Columbia University in New York. Van Doren was at Columbia from 1920 to 1959. Merton stayed in contact with Van Doren after leaving Columbia and after entering the monastery. Van Doren selected the pieces for Merton's «Thirty Poems» and helped get them published. Merton also knew Van Doren's wife, Dorothy, and sons Charles and John. Mark Van Doren visited Merton at Gethsemani a few times and met once with him in Louisville. (Source: «The Road to Joy», p. 3.)

The Rev. Dale L. Van Meter writes from Medfield, Massachusetts. He was working on a Masters degree in Social Work from Boston College at the time of writing to Merton.

Dom Hubert Van Zeller was a Benedictine monk of Downside Abbey in England and scholar on the monastic life. He authored a number of books and articles on the contemplative life, the scriptures and monasticism.

Fr. Lambert Vandermeulen was a monk of St. Benedictus-Abdij, a Cistercian monastery in Achel, Belgium.

Fr. Joseph Vann was a Franciscan friar and one of the founding fathers of St. Bernardine of Siena College in Loudonville, New York, an extension of St. Bonaventure College.

Maria de Varela was a professor at the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba in Argentina.

James G. Vargiu writes while on vacation in Italy, but permanently resided in Palo Alto, California.

Fr. Roman J. Verostko was Staff Editor for Art for «The New Catholic Encyclopedia» and writes from Washington, D.C.

Germaine Vignolle writes from Marseille, France.

Daniel Berrigan was a Catholic priest, social activist, and poet who entered the Society of Jesus (1939), was ordained (1952), and after studying in France (where he was influenced by the worker-priest movement), he taught at Catholic schools until becoming associate professor of theology at LeMoyne College (Syracuse, NY) (1957-1962). After serving as assistant editor of Jesuit Missions in New York (1963-1965), he became associate director of United Religious Work (1966-1969). Active in opposing the Vietnam War, he went with professor Howard Zinn to Hanoi, North Vietnam, to assist in obtaining the release of three American pilots (1968); the diary he kept during this mission, along with 11 poems, became «Night Flight to Hanoi» (1968). With his brother, Philip Berrigan, he gained national attention for destroying draft registration files in Catonsville, Md. (1968); in 1970 he was sentenced to three years in prison for this, but he went underground for several months until federal authorities arrested him on Block Island (off Rhode Island). After 18 months in prison, he was paroled in 1972 and participated with his brother in the first Plowshares Action (1980), a protest at the General Electric Plant at King of Prussia, Pa. Living among Jesuits, writing and conducting retreats, he was arrested regularly for his protest actions at weapons manufacturers and other sites (1980-1992). He wrote over 50 books, including «The Trial of the Catonsville 9» (1970), an autobiography (1987), and at least four films. (Source: Biography from April 16th, 2004, lecture write-up by Paul Pearson.)

Yolanda Bettencourt writes from the editorial department of the publishing house Livaria Agir Editors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Mary Childs Black was, at time of writing, Director of the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Collection in Williamsburg, Virginia. (See also the Finding Aid to the Mary Black Papers at the Winterthur Museum, Garden, and Library [http://findingaid.winterthur.org/html/col538.html]).

"Carmen Blumenkron is a product of two cultures: American and Mexican, though her heritage is "Long Island Yankee," Irish, German and Spanish. Born in Manhattan, she grew up in Mexico City, where she now lives, spending her free time at her country home in Cuernavaca… She writes poetry in English, Spanish and French…" (Source: "Biographical Sketch" from this file.)

Fred Bond is writing on behalf of the Louisville Art Workshop.

Fr. Gregorio Botte was a Franciscan writing from Mount Alvernia Seminary in Wappinger Falls, New York.

Daniel Bouchez was a professor at the seminary of Holy Ghost College in Seoul, South Korea.